Feb 14, 2018 - Make a fan turn on automatically when the room temperature reaches a certain degree. [1] Mustafa Saad, Hossam Abdoalgader, and Muammer Mohamed, “Automatic Fan Speed Control System Using Microcontroller” [2] Temperature Controlled Relay with Arduino – Tutorial #6 by electroschematics.com.
Temperature controlled dc fan using thermistor Working The basic working principle of temperature controlled DC fan is based on the working principle of the thermistor. The thermistor is a component which changes its resistance as its temperature changes. There are two types of thermistor available which are NTC i.e. Negative temperature coefficient and other is PTC which is positive temperature coefficient. In temperature controlled DC fan, we have used an NTC type thermistor.
It is called NTC because its resistance increases when its temperature decreases and vice verse. Similarly, in PTC, its resistance increases when temperature increases and vice verse. Which compares the voltage between its two inputs i.e. Inverting and non-inverting terminals. Pin number 2 is inverting terminal which is connected to the potentiometer and pin number 3 is a non inverting terminal which is connected in between thermistor and R1 which makes a voltage divider circuit. Thus the output of op amp is responsible for the speed of the fan.
When the temperature of surrounding increases, the temperature of thermistor also increases which causes its resistance to decrease, therefore voltage divider circuit causes more voltage across pin number 3. Thus the output voltage increases causing the speed of the fan to increase. You may also like.
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“Automation is good, so long as you know exactly where to put the machine’’, In this tutorial we are making a Temperature controlled DC fan using Thermistor, as it starts above the preset level of temperature and stops when the temperature return to normal condition. This whole process is done automatically. We have previously made the, where the speed of the fan is also controlled automatically.
Required Components. Op amp IC LM741. NPN Transistor MJE3055. NTC Thermistor - 10k. Potentiometer – 10k. Resistors - 47 Ohm, 4.7k.
DC Fan (Motor). Power supply-5v. Breadboard and connecting wires Circuit Diagram Below is the circuit diagram for Temperature Controlled DC Fan using Thermistor as Temperature Sensor: Thermistor The key component of this temperature controlled fan circuit is Thermistor, which has been used to detect the rise in temperature. Thermistor is temperature sensitive resistor, whose resistance changes according to the temperature. There are two types of thermistor NTC (Negative Temperature Co-efficient) and PTC (Positive Temperature Co-efficient), we are using a NTC type thermistor.
![Temperature Temperature](/uploads/1/2/5/4/125405587/659266761.png)
NTC thermistor is a resistor whose resistance decreases as rise in temperature while in PTC it will increase the resistance as rise in temperature. Check here the. Op amp IC LM741 An operational amplifier is a DC-coupled high gain electronic voltage amplifier. It’s a small chip having 8 pins.
An operational amplifier IC is used as a comparator which compares the two signal, the inverting and non-inverting signal. In Op-amp IC 741 PIN2 is an inverting input terminal and PIN3 is non-inverting input terminal. The output pin of this IC is PIN6. The main function of this IC is to do mathematical operation in various circuits.
Op-amp basically has Voltage Comparator inside, which has two inputs, one is inverting input and second is non-inverting input. When voltage at non-inverting input (+) is higher than the voltage at inverting input (-), then the output of comparator is High. And if the voltage of inverting input (-) is Higher than non-inverting end (+), then output is LOW. Op-amps have large gain and usually used as Voltage Amplifier. Some Op-amps have more than one comparator inside ( has two, LM324 has four) and some have just one comparator like LM741.The application of this IC mainly includes an adder, subtractor, voltage follower, integrator and differentiator.
The output of the operational amplifier is the product of the gain and the input voltage. Check here for other. Pin Diagram of Op-amp IC741: Pin Configuration PIN NO.
PIN Description 1 Offset null 2 Inverting (-) input terminal 3 non-inverting (+) input terminal 4 negative voltage supply (-VCC) 5 offset null 6 Output voltage pin 7 positive voltage supply (+VCC) 8 not connected Working of Temperature controlled DC fan using Thermistor It works on the principle of thermistor. In this circuit, PIN 3 (non-inverting terminal of op amp 741) is connected with the potentiometer and PIN 2 (inverting terminal) is connected in between of R2 and RT1 (thermistor) which is making a voltage divider circuit. Initially, in the normal condition the output of the op amp is LOW as the voltage at non-inverting input is lesser than inverting input which makes the NPN transistor remains in off condition. The transistor remains in OFF condition because there is no voltage applied to its base and we need some voltage at its base to make the conduct.
Here we have used NPN transistor MJE3055 but any high current transistor can work here like BD140. Non when the temperature is increased, the resistance of Thermistor deceases and the voltage at non-inverting terminal of op-amp becomes higher than the inverting terminal, so the op amp output PIN 6 will become HIGH and transistor will be ON (because when the output of op amp is HIGH the voltage will flow through the collector to emitter). Now this conduction of NPN transistor allows the Fan to start. As the thermistor return to the normal condition the fan will automatically turn OFF.
Advantages. Easy to handle and economical. Fan starts automatically, so it can control the temperature manually. Automatic switching will save the energy. For cooling heat dissipating devices, installation is easy. Application.
Cooling fans for laptops and computers. This device is used for cooling the car engine.